HOW TO GET RID OF DANDRUFF

Dandruff is characterised by the shedding of dead skin cells from the scalp, often leading to visible white or yellowish flakes in the hair and/or on the shoulders. These flakes can be oily or dry, and their appearance is sometimes accompanied by redness and itching sensations.

What causes Dandruff and Contributing Factors:

Unbalanced scalp microbiome: The microbiome is the invisible ecosystem of microorganisms which forms an integral component of the skin’s surface, including the scalp. It's essential to skin wellbeing and plays a key role in skin protection. If the natural balance of scalp microorganisms is disturbed for any reason it can lead to skin cell proliferation and flaking.

Unbalanced sebum production: Sebum is produced by sebaceous glands in the skin. An excessively oily scalp can lead to an imbalance of the microbiome, which can potentially cause discomfort on the scalp, and trigger dandruff.

Altered skin moisture barrier function caused by both microbiome imbalance and dysregulation of sebum production, resulting in rough patches on the skin and flaky scalp.

These three causes can provoke each other in a self-perpetuating cycle. Other factors, such as personal predisposition and environmental factors, can also initiate dandruff.

Differences Between Dandruff and Dry Scalp:

Although they may share similar symptoms like flakes on the scalp, extra sensitivity to hair care products, and a tight and itchy-feeling scalp, dandruff is not the same as a dry scalp.

A dry scalp occurs for the same reason as dry skin elsewhere on the body: there's insufficient sebum to keep it adequately moisturised. This could be because of insufficient sebum production, excessively drying conditions, or just straight up dehydration from not drinking sufficient water. The top layer of the skin dries out and then sheds as fine flakes.

Dandruff, on the other hand, can be associated with oily or dry skin.

Beyond the aesthetics of a flaky scalp, dandruff can cause physical discomfort. The constant itching sensations can lead to redness and discomfort if the skin is broken by scratching. Psychologically, dandruff can impact one's self-esteem.

Luckily, there are multiple options, including dandruff shampoos, to treat dandruff.

The DERCOS anti-dandruff DS shampoo range combines two dermatologically active ingredients in selenium disulphide (DS) and salicylic acid. Selenium disulphide helps rebalance both scalp microbiome and sebum composition, whilst salicylic acid removes visible flakes on the scalp and hair. DERCOS anti-dandruff shampoo eliminates up to 100% dandruff from first use [2] and provides +6 weeks anti-relapse.[3]

Hair Care Tips for Treating Dandruff

• Washing Frequency: Although individual needs vary, washing 2-3 times a week is generally recommended.

• Application Tips: Massage shampoos into the scalp gently. Vigorous scrubbing can exacerbate the problem. Rinse thoroughly.

• Avoid Harsh Products: Some products can irritate. Choose ones labelled "gentle" or "for sensitive skin."

• Scalp Massages: Using your fingertips, a gentle scalp massage can improve blood circulation and reduce stress.

• Regular Brushing: This can distribute natural oils and prevent build-up.

Diet and Lifestyle Changes

• Staying hydrated helps keep the skin (including the scalp) moisturised, boosting its condition.

• Stress Management: Stress can cause dandruff to flare up. Find calming practices such as yoga, meditation, or even a simple walk in nature.

• Maintaining a Routine: Establish a consistent hair and scalp care routine. Washing your hair too infrequently can lead to oil build-up, but washing too often can excessively strip the scalp of natural oils, causing the sebaceous glands to increase their output. Find a balance and select hair products suited for your scalp and hair type.

What NOT to Do When Dealing with Dandruff

Common Myths: Dandruff isn't related to skin type, nor is it a result of poor hygiene and infrequent hair washing. In fact, washing too frequently can be counterproductive!

Avoid Exacerbating Actions: Scratching your scalp, overly hot water or using heated tools too often, or applying too many chemical treatments, can make dandruff worse.

When to Seek Professional Help

If you've tried multiple remedies and your dandruff persists, you should seek advice from a healthcare professional.

Conclusion

Dandruff, while common, needn't be a lifelong concern. With the right knowledge and practices, a flake-free scalp is achievable. Remember, everyone's scalp is different, so the key lies in finding a solution that works best for you.